Type 1 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes in children, and is caused by the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin. Although the cause of diabetes in children is not fully understood, it normally occurs when the immune system destroys the insulin producing cells in the pancreas.
Children usually feel thirsty, lose weight, urinate more than normal, are tired and experience tummy pains and headaches.
It’s important to consult a doctor if you suspect your child may have diabetes as this is a very serious illness and can lead to complications. If a child is diagnosed as having diabetes a daily dose of insulin will have to be administered.
Parents with children who have been diagnosed should talk to their doctor about backup support as this will help them to understand the different aspects of the illness and learn about the treatment and how to cope with it.
Parents are taught how to administer insulin injections, know and understand the symptoms of low blood sugar, and diabetes acidosis. They will also be told how to measure blood glucose levels and to be sure glucose is always to hand. As the child grows older they can be taught to do these things for themselves.
As with all types of diabetes diet plays a very important part in keeping a child healthy. Three main meals a day with two to three snacks in between are necessary. The food should be made up of lots of fresh fruit, vegetables and whole grains. Sweets can be eaten but only in moderation.
